Torah as the Foundation of Society

Immediately after the Ten Commandments and the awe of Sinai, the Torah presents detailed legislation. This is not a shift away from spirituality — it is its continuation.

The laws of damages, property, accountability, and justice originate in the Torah itself. They are not human systems later adopted into religious life. They were given at Sinai as part of Divine revelation and are meant to shape Jewish society in every generation.

Serving Hashem includes how we conduct business, resolve disputes, and safeguard the dignity and property of others.

Batei Din: A Living Expression of Torah Justice

Because these laws are Divine, the Jewish people established Batei Din — rabbinical courts empowered to apply Torah law.

These courts are not historical institutions of the past. They exist today, ensuring that disputes and communal matters are addressed according to halachic principles. 

Justice in Torah is not merely procedural. The Sages teach that a judge who rules truthfully becomes a partner in Creation. Law administered according to Torah is itself an act of holiness.

Holiness Is Indivisible

Western thought often distinguishes between religion and public life, spirituality and daily affairs. The Torah rejects such separation.

Business ethics, personal responsibility, and care in financial dealings are no less Divine service than prayer or Temple worship. The Talmud teaches that one who seeks piety must be meticulous in the laws of damages. Negligence toward another’s property is a spiritual failing.

Parashat Mishpatim thus reveals a foundational truth: holiness is indivisible. A society rooted in Torah justice becomes a vessel for redemption.

As the prophet declares:
“Zion will be redeemed through justice, and its captives through righteousness.”

Redemption begins when Torah shapes not only the synagogue, but the structure of communal life.

NOTE: The above is a summary based on the original teaching.